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For the American investor, 2025 was again quite a decent year. To be sure, the 16% return for the S&P fell short of the 20%+ returns of the two previous years, but it was still quite respectable. The average return for the S&P is about 10% per year. So, there is nothing wrong with a year with returns 60% above the average. This is despite all the uncertainty surrounding political changes in the US, interest rate uncertainty, wars, a weaker dollar, soaring precious metals, historic overvaluation, and lop-sided, concentrated behavior of the technology sector. The market once again showed a remarkable ability to plow through potential dangers and reach higher ground. The market faces some hurdles, including another possible government shutdown, the midterm elections, a new FED Chairman, and an elevated risk of war. But as long as liquidity is ample and technical action is positive, we see no reason why a simple turn of the calendar spells doom for stocks. True, the market remains vulnerable to unexpected shocks because of over-concentration and overvaluation. But historically, going up another year (four years in a row) is not out of the question.